概括地說，雄激素助長蛋白質的合成及擁有雄激素受體的組織的生長，睪酮的效用可以分為合成代謝及雄性化效應。合成代謝效應包括肌肉質量及力量的增長、增加骨質密度及強度、刺激線性生長及骨骼成熟等。雄性化效應則包括性器官的成熟（尤其是陰莖及胎兒陰囊的生成）、出生後（通常是在青春期）聲線的轉沉、鬍鬚及體毛的生長等。這些效應一般都是男性的第二性徵。
[86] Married men who have interaction in bond-servicing pursuits which include paying the working day with their spouse or kid don't have any unique testosterone amounts in comparison to occasions when they don't have interaction in this sort of functions. Collectively, these success recommend that the presence of aggressive pursuits as opposed to bond-maintenance pursuits is much more applicable to improvements in testosterone stages.[87]
Testosterone has many significant actions. It offers unfavorable responses inhibition within the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from your hypothalamus and also the secretion of luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland. It also directs the event in the embryonic Wolffian ducts into your vas deferens (ductus deferens) and seminal vesicles and stimulates the formation of muscle and bone.
在过程中加入锌睾酮的合成分量。锌是类固醇受体的运作有着重要影响，且是能使睾酮合成的酶的协助因素。
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: In CAH, genetic mutations (changes) cause shortages of enzymes in the adrenal gland. These enzymes Ordinarily aid the human body to produce cortisol, a hormone the human body demands to respond to worry.
Androgen receptors arise in numerous vertebrate human body technique tissues, and equally males and females react similarly to similar levels. Greatly differing quantities of testosterone prenatally, at puberty, and through existence account to get a share of Organic variances among males and females.
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The Mind is usually influenced by this sexual differentiation;[21] the enzyme aromatase converts testosterone into estradiol that is certainly liable for masculinization in the brain in male mice.
成年男子不论服用或施打多少睾酮都无法再次促使阴茎的成长与发育（相反的，错误的使用激素，将可能造成体内原生激素紊乱，将无法自行生成使睾丸及阴茎萎缩，衍生出其他生殖系统疾病）
成年男子不論服用或施打多少睪酮都無法再次促使陰莖的成長與發育（相反的，錯誤的使用激素，將可能造成體內原生激素紊亂，將無法自行生成使睪丸及陰莖萎縮，衍生出其他生殖系統疾病）
[147] The T-receptor or DHT-receptor intricate undergoes a structural alter which allows it to move into the cell nucleus and %50 off now bind straight to precise nucleotide sequences in the chromosomal DNA. The parts of binding are referred to as hormone reaction components (HREs), and affect transcriptional exercise of specified genes, creating the androgen outcomes.
When the extent of paternal treatment differs involving cultures, greater financial commitment in direct boy or girl treatment has been seen to become correlated with reduced common testosterone amounts along with short term fluctuations.[91] By way of example, fluctuation in testosterone degrees when a youngster is in distress has become located to become indicative of fathering variations.
The next theory is comparable and called "evolutionary neuroandrogenic (ENA) theory of male aggression".[107][108] Testosterone as well as other androgens have developed to masculinize a brain being aggressive, even to The purpose of risking harm to the person and Other individuals. By doing so, people with masculinized brains due to pre-natal and adult existence testosterone and androgens, increase their source getting capabilities to survive, attract and copulate with mates just as much as feasible.
The connection in between testosterone and aggression could also operate indirectly, as it's been proposed that testosterone will not amplify tendencies to aggression, but relatively amplifies whatever tendencies will permit somebody to maintain social standing when challenged. For most animals, aggression is the means of keeping social position. Nevertheless, human beings have various ways of obtaining standing. This might demonstrate why some scientific studies locate a connection in between testosterone and pro-social behaviour, if pro-social conduct is rewarded with social standing. So the hyperlink amongst testosterone and aggression and violence is because of these staying rewarded with social position.[128] The relationship can also be considered one of a "permissive outcome" whereby testosterone does elevate aggression levels, but only inside the sense of enabling common aggression concentrations to become maintained; chemically or physically castrating the person will cut down aggression concentrations (however not eradicate them) but the individual only requirements a little-volume of pre-castration testosterone to have aggression concentrations to return to ordinary, which they'll continue being at regardless of whether more testosterone is extra.